• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Electrochemical device comprises a negative compartment and a positive compartment. The negative compartment contains a negative medium formed at least in part of a liquid metal, and the negative and positive compartments are separated by a solid separator which is capable of being traversed by ions of the metal and is a conductor of said ions. The device is characterized by the fact that the negative compartment contains a solid electrolyte which is a conductor of these ions, this electrolyte separating the negative compartment into two regions-on the one hand, a negative region containing the negative medium and a negative collector, and, on the other hand, an intermediate region, located between the separator and the electrolyte, containing an intermediate medium formed at least in part of the metal in liquid state and/or of at least one salt of the metal in dissolved or molten state.
    公开号:SU847949A3
    申请号:SU782697058
    申请日:1978-12-14
    公开日:1981-07-15
    发明作者:Кадар Франсуа；Куломбо Ален
    申请人:Мишлен Э Ко/Компани Женераль Дезэтаблиссман Мишлен (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to if chemical current sources, in particular current sources operating at elevated temperatures with a molten metal negative separator. A sodium-sulfur current source is known, in which a layer of sodium-containing salts is dispersed between a negative current collector and a separator. A chemical source of current is closest to the technical essence and the achieved result. A solid non-porous ion-conducting separator separates the positive and negative compartments, and the negative compartment contains a region with molten metal and an intermediate region adjacent to the separator and containing molten metal and / or molten salt metal or solution .2. However, these current sources have very high current densities. The purpose of the invention is to limit the current density. To do this, a solid non-porous ion-conducting electrolyte, in particular, from sodium-containing alumina, is installed in the proposed current source in the negative compartment between the area containing the metal and the intermediate area. FIG. i depicts the proposed current source; in fig. 2 is the same as the embodiment. The source contains negative I and positive 2 compartments separated by 1 solid ion-conducting separator 3. The negative compartment contains the region with metal 4 and intermediate region 5 separated by a solid porous ion-conducting electrolyte 6. The device consists of two electrochemical systems connected in series and consisting from one end of the chain: negative active substance - solid electrolyte intermediate medium, from the other end of the chain: intermediate medium solid separator - positive a to a tive substance. A common link for their electrochemical systems is the intermediate medium. During operation of the device, the mass of the composition j constituting the intermediate medium does not change with the passage of a stream of metal ions between compartments 1 and 2, since, due to the effect of constant current in the intermediate region 5, the same number of ions as leaves the specified intermediate medium through the boundary surface 6 or 3. Under these conditions, the surface area remains unchanged, and for a given common current, the current density through the separator depends only on the area of the separator, while cal resistance Arrange all-OPERATION hardly varies during its operation, in spite of the change of the electrolyte space. It is appropriate to determine the minimum value of the electrolyte area such that the current density passing through the electrolyte does not exceed a predetermined value. It can be quite high, for example, in the case of sodium alumina L and j can reach 1500 mA / cm of the surface of the separator. Surfaces 3 and 6 can be flat or cylindrical. The thickness of the separator 3 should preferably be equal to the thickness of the electrolyte 6. The interval e between the surfaces 6 and 3 is preferably small in order to reduce the dead weight of the device, for example, 0.5 mm. The device operates as follows. At the beginning of the discharge cycle, the level of sodium in the negative compartment is represented by line A (FIG. 2) located at a distance. A and C can be, for example, practically at the same distance L from the bottom. Line B is located at a distance H from the day and H is less than L and is equal at: approximately 4.3 cm. At the beginning of the discharge cycle So, 26.5 cm, 6 94 During the discharge process in the external circuit connected to the terminals P and N are the following processes. The sodium level in the negative compartment gradually decreases, reaching the end of the discharge cycle of line A, located at a distance L from the bottom. Level C remains constant; - the level of the positive active substance in the positive compartment rises, reaching at the end of the discharge process a level B located at a distance L from the bottom, which approximately corresponds to the total internal height of the negative and positive compartments; this positive active substance consists of a mixture of sodium polysulfide, whose composition by the end of the discharge is close to the formula Ma2.5, (sodium trisulfide); - during the discharge, which is at least 45 minutes, the amount of current in the external circuit does not exceed 5 A, so the flux density of sodium ions penetrating into the separator is equal to "-, not exceeding 2. it is 200 mA / cm; under these conditions, the operation of the positive compartment is facilitated; The flux density of ions i, -3ol / S (penetrating the electrolyte, is about 260 mA / cm at the beginning of the discharge cycle; the density of this flow gradually increases, reaching a value at the end of the discharge cycle approximately equal to 1300 mA / cm. Intermediate the region may consist of sodium salt melts, for example, sodium tetrachloroaluminate or a mixture of sodium tetrachloroaluminate and sodium chloride, or solutions of sodium salts, for example one or more halogen salts, in solution in an organic liquid, for example in propylene carbonate, N, N-dimethyl Formamide or their mixtures. It should be noted that one of the options involves using sodium in solution, such as hexamethylphospho triamide, as a negative active substance in the negative compartment. Using various solutions of this type reduces the operating temperature of the generator. A positive active substance can from sulfur, sodium polysulfide, and from any other substance that serves as an electron acceptor, such as, for example, metal salts, in particular transition metal halides lv. The invention also applies to
    a case in which at least one more metal is used as a negative active substance other than sodium.
    The proposed device uses 80% of the theoretical capacity and increases reliability.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. A chemical current source containing a solid non-porous ion-conducting separator that separates the positive and negative compartments, and the negative compartment contains an area with metal melted at the operating temperature and an intermediate area adjacent to the separator and containing
    the metal melted at the operating temperature and the molten metal salt melted or its solution, characterized in that, in order to limit the current density, a solid non-porous ion-conducting electrolyte is installed in the negative compartment between the metal containing region and the intermediate region.
    [2]
    2. The source of claim 1, wherein the sodium electrolyte alumina is taken as the electrolyte.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. Authors certificate of the USSR 555468, cl. H 01 M 10/38, 1975.
    2. The patent of the United Kingdom No. 1456073, cl. H 01 M 10/39, 1976.
    H- 2
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU847949A3|1981-07-15|Chemical current source
    SU1024020A3|1983-06-15|Chemical current generator high temperature cathode
    ES452691A1|1977-11-16|Secondary battery or cell with polysulfide wettable electrode - {190 2
    US3891457A|1975-06-24|Electrochemical cell
    US4069372A|1978-01-17|Electric accumulator with a solid electrolyte
    Cathro et al.1986|Selection of quaternary ammonium bromides for use in zinc/bromine cells
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    ES448080A1|1977-11-16|Sodium sulfur battery or cell with improved ampere-hour capacity
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    SE7605666L|1977-02-21|SECOND BATTERY
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    Mamantov et al.1980|The use of tetravalent sulfur in molten chloroaluminate secondary batteries
    USRE30353E|1980-07-29|Electric accumulator with a solid electrolyte
    Jasinski1970|A summary of patents on organic electrolyte batteries
    US3918991A|1975-11-11|Sodium-halogen battery
    US3701684A|1972-10-31|Zinc-zinc halide storage battery
    Hill et al.1958|Electrochemical Measurement of Oxide Formation
    US4109065A|1978-08-22|Rechargeable aqueous zinc-halogen cell
    Janz et al.1960|Oxygen overpotential in molten carbonates
    US4925753A|1990-05-15|Lithium/sulfur dioxide cell
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR7808279A|1979-07-31|
    IT7869852D0|1978-12-14|
    SE7812853L|1979-06-16|
    GB2010575B|1982-03-31|
    GB2010575A|1979-06-27|
    CH635759A5|1983-04-29|
    FR2411632A1|1979-07-13|
    CA1116231A|1982-01-12|
    US4216273A|1980-08-05|
    ES475914A1|1979-11-16|
    BE872588A|1979-03-30|
    AU518999B2|1981-10-29|
    NL7812190A|1979-06-19|
    AU4251178A|1979-06-21|
    DE2853680A1|1979-06-21|
    DE2853680C2|1983-03-10|
    FR2411632B1|1981-10-02|
    JPS5519785A|1980-02-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    NL261579A|1960-02-23|
    US3214296A|1964-02-10|1965-10-26|Hoffman Electronics Corp|Rechargeable battery cells|
    US3672994A|1971-01-04|1972-06-27|Gen Electric|Sodium-sulfur cell with third electrode|
    JPS4912329A|1972-05-16|1974-02-02|
    GB1505987A|1974-05-01|1978-04-05|Secretary Industry Brit|Electric cells|
    US3976503A|1975-04-14|1976-08-24|Ford Motor Company|Process for recharging secondary batteries|
    US4044194A|1975-06-30|1977-08-23|Secretary Of State For Industry In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdon Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland|Electric batteries|
    US4024214A|1976-02-17|1977-05-17|International Business Machines Corporation|Method of preparing β"-Al2 O3|GB8812586D0|1988-05-27|1988-06-29|Lilliwyte Sa|Electrochemical cell|
    DE4033346A1|1989-11-17|1991-05-23|Westinghouse Electric Corp|HIGH-PERFORMANCE THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION DEVICE ON THICK-LAYER ALKALINE METAL BASE|
    US5661403A|1994-03-14|1997-08-26|Mackenzie; Franklin F.|Apparatus and method for testing a solid electrolyte|
    US5951843A|1996-09-26|1999-09-14|Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd.|Method and apparatus for extracting lithium by applying voltage across lithium-ion conducting solid electrolyte|
    JP4300176B2|2003-11-13|2009-07-22|ローム株式会社|Organic electroluminescent device|
    WO2008105811A2|2006-08-15|2008-09-04|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology|High-amperage energy storage device and method|
    US8323816B2|2009-07-20|2012-12-04|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology|Alkaline earth metal ion battery|
    US9076996B2|2009-07-20|2015-07-07|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology|Liquid metal alloy energy storage device|
    WO2012018379A1|2010-08-06|2012-02-09|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology|Electrolytic recycling of compounds|
    CN103155234B|2010-09-20|2016-02-03|麻省理工学院|There is the alkali metal-ion battery of bimetallic electrode|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7738168A|FR2411632B1|1977-12-15|1977-12-15|
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